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Malus sylvestris
type: Jelly, Ornamental, Pollinization
synonyms: European apple, European wild apple, European crab apple, Crab apple. The name is Latin for Forest Apple. See also Niedzwetzky’s Apple ( RF: Niedzwetzkyana's Apple ).
summary: A red-fleshed forest apple native to the hills of central Asia and Europe.
identification: Fruit grows in clusters of four apples or more, usually about the size of a plum and are round-conic in shape, greenish yellow in colour.
characteristics: The flesh is quite sharp and dry. Most flavourful when they have been hit by frost.
uses: The fruit is generally not palatable when eaten out of hand, but it makes an excellent apple jelly. The fruit has a high pectin content and was extensively used to help set jams of pectin-poor fruits and berries.
origins: Native to Europe from the Spain, Italy and Greece to Scandinavia. Once thought to be the ancestor of cultivated apples, but DNA research has shown that while its fingerprint is present in many modern cultivars, its central Asian counterpart -- Malus sieversii -- is actually the building block on which most of today's apple varieties are based.
cultivation: Grows to 10 metres in height. Tolerates full sun but also grows well in partial shade.
vulnerabilities: Can be susceptible to scab and canker, mildew and fireblight.
notes: It was often used as a hardy, dwarfing root stock for other apple cultivars. Can be crossbred with other apples and can also be propagated from seeds.
pollination peak: 1
ploidism: Self fertile but produces best when grown in proximity to a source of compatible pollen.
flowers: Usually white, but can also be blushed pink. The basic structure is a simple flower of five petals.
leaves: Verdant green, turning yellow and orange in autumn.
fruit: Round and 20 to 40 mm in diameter, yellow, sometimes blushed red, growing in clusters of three of four and attached to the branch by long slender stems. Ripens in mid autumn.
hardiness: 5
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