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Jonathan
type: Culinary, Dessert, Pie, Sauce
synonyms: Esopus Seedling, Johnathan (a common misspelling), Jonathon, King Philip, New Spitzenburg, Philip Rick, Rick, Philip Rich Ulster, Ulster Seedling (after the county in New York State where it was found).
summary: Sweet and slightly tart with considerable flavour when eaten fresh but also popular for pies and sauce. It retains its shape when cooked.
identification: Medium size, round conic tending to oblong in shape. It is ribbed and five-pointed crown is just barely discernible. Tough, smooth skin. The background colour is pale yellow, covered about three quarters with bright crimson flush. Faintly striped. Light-coloured russet lenticels. Russetting can be prevalent in cold climates or if heavily sprayed for disease control. The stem is medium length, slender and set in a round cavity.
characteristics: Flesh is white, juicy and sweet-tart. Very aromatic.
origins: Most sources concede that the Jonathan was likely an Esopus Spitzenburg seedling found growing on the farm of Philip Rick in Woodstock, Ulster County, New York (U.S.A.) in the early years of 1800 and brought to the attention of the Albany Horticultural Society by Jonathan Hasbrouck in 1826 after whom, some say, the apple was subsequently named. Another version suggests that it grew from seeds collected by Rachel Higley at a cider mill in Connecticut and planted when she and her husband Jonathan homesteaded in Ohio.
cultivation: Moderately vigorous, upright spreading, often with weeping limbs like a willow. A spur bearer, it crops fairly well on an annual basis but does best when about a third of the oldest spurs are cut back by about half on a rotating basis. It’s particularly happy growing in clay/loam soils.
progeny: Jonathan is the seed parent to over 40 different cultivars and and pollen parent to an additional 35 varieties or more.
cold storage: Does not store for any length of time.
vulnerabilities: Very susceptible to powdery mildew, somewhat so to bitter rot, canker, scab, fire blight and cedar apple rust. Also susceptible to plum curiculio.
harvest: Ripens in the middle of the fourth period (135 to 150 days after petal fall) and the fruit tends not to drop.
pollination group: C
pollination peak: 10
ploidism: Diploid. Self fertile but needs a pollinizer for optimum production.
cold storage weeks: 4
brix: 12.3
acidity: 7.9
harvest period: 4
hardiness: 4
sg: 1.0496
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