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Early Harvest
type: Eating, Sauce
synonyms: American Early Harvest, Early French Reinette, Large White Juneating, July Early Pippin, July Pippin (a British cooking apple also goes by this name; see July Pippin ), Large Early, Prince’s Harvest, Prince’s Early Harvest, Prince’s Yellow Harvest, Tart Bough, Yellow Harvest, Yellow June (there is also a cultivar by the name of Yellow June ), Yellow Juneating
identification: Small to medium size, round. Skin is smooth and glossy, pale green background colour over which can be an orange blush on the sun-exposed face. Lenticels are light coloured and most concentrated around the calyx basin. The stem is short and stout, barely extending out of a shallow, russeted cavity.
characteristics: The flesh is white, tender, crisp and juicy. Tangy and brisk.
uses: A highly regarded early eating apple when allowed to fully ripen. Also used for baking and makes a good apple sauce when picked under ripe.
origins: Believed to have originated in the 1700s in what is now Long Island, New York (U.S.A.). First listed by Bernard M'Mahon in his 1806 edition of "The American Gardener's Calendar" under the heading of summer apples. Later described by William Coxe in his "A View of the Cultivation of Fruit Trees and the Management of Orchards" (published 1817) under the names Princes Harvest and Early French Reinette. Though the cultivar has been mentioned in most books discussing apples since then, none has ventured a guess on the origins of the Early Harvest.
cultivation: A rather small, upright tree. Starts to produce fruit within three to five years on its own roots and then provides abundant crops annually. It does, however, need rich soil in order to grow apples of sufficient size.
vulnerabilities: Susceptible to mildew and blight.
harvest: Ready for harvest early in the second period.
notes: Downing held this apple in highest regard, stating in the 1847 version of his "The Fruit and Fruit Trees of America" that "taking into account its beauty, its excellent qualities for the dessert and cooking, and its productiveness, we think it the finest early apple yet known."
pollination group: C
pollination peak: 8
ploidism: Diploid. Self sterile.
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