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American Summer Pearmain
type: Cooking, Dessert, Eating
synonyms: American Pearmain, American Summer, Early Summer Pearmain, Summer Pippin, Watkin's Early, Summer Pearmain, American Pippin (there is also a cultivar by this name; see American Pippin ). Iwai in Japan.
summary: This is among the better summer fresh-eating apples.
identification: Medium size and round. Background skin color is yellowish green, washed red over which are stripes of orange-red and often large russet spots and lace pattern. The stem is slender and set in a deep cavity which is thinly russetted with the russet spreading up and over the shoulder. The calyx is closed, tight and set in a moderately deep basin.
characteristics: The flesh is yellow, very tender, very juicy and sweet with a refreshing, mild tartness. Aromatic and well-flavoured.
uses: A flavourful eating apple,also used for cooking. Makes excellent dried apple rings.
origins: This apple likely emerged in eastern North America in the late 1700s and was already well established by 1817 when William Coxe first mentioned it under the name Early Summer Pearmain in "A View of the Cultivation of Fruit Trees." From the details given, this is highly likely to be the American Summer Pearmain. It was subsequently praised in 1851 as a fine early-eating apple by noted British pomologist, Robert Hogg in "British Pomology" who listed it as the American Summer Pearmain. Creighton Lee Calhoun "Old Southern Apples" (published 2010) ventures that it probably originated in New Jersey. No information is available on its parentage.
cultivation: Low vigour, spur bearer. Needs to be picked when fully ripe since the flavours are slow to develop. Well suited to trellis or espalier training. Grows best in light soils in mild climates. Tolerates Hardiness Zones 4 to 8.
progeny: Used extensively in Japan for cross breeding.
cold storage: Does not keep well.
vulnerabilities: Susceptible to fire blight.
harvest: Ripens in the third period and requires several pickings over the course of about four weeks, providing fresh apples for an interval of almost a month. The apples tend to drop once full ripe.
pollination group: B
pollination peak: 7
ploidism: Diploid. Self sterile.
cold storage weeks: 2
harvest period: 3
hardiness: 4
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